Cattle, also known as bovines, are a diverse group of animals that have been domesticated for thousands of years. There are hundreds of different breeds of cattle, each with their own unique characteristics and uses. The exact number of cattle breeds is difficult to determine as new breeds are constantly being created and old breeds are becoming extinct. However, it is estimated that there are over 800 different breeds of cattle worldwide.

Cattle breeds can be divided into several categories based on their primary use. The most common categories include dairy, beef, dual-purpose, and specialty. Dairy breeds are known for their high milk production, while beef breeds are known for their high meat production. Dual-purpose breeds are known for their high milk and meat production, while specialty breeds are known for their unique characteristics, such as size or color.

In the United States, there are over 60 breeds of cattle that are recognized by the American Dairy Association, the American Hereford Association and the American Angus Association, among others. Some of the most popular breeds in the United States include Holstein, Jersey, Ayrshire, Brown Swiss, Guernsey, Angus, Hereford, Charolais, Limousin, and Shorthorn.

Heritage breeds are also gaining popularity due to their distinct characteristics and their suitability for different types of farming. Heritage breeds are considered as such because they have been around for centuries, have distinct characteristics, and are considered a genetic resource for the future. They are often considered as a part of a country's cultural heritage and are protected by conservation programs. Some of the most popular heritage breeds include Ayrshire, Belted Galloway, Devon, Dexter, Galloway, Gloucester, Guernsey, Highland, Jersey, Lincoln Red, Milking Shorthorn, Red Poll, Sussex, Welsh Black, and White Park.

The many breeds of cattle have their own genetic makeup and characteristics that have been developed over centuries of breeding and selection, which makes them suitable for different environments and production systems. The diversity of cattle breeds ensures that farmers have the right breed for their specific needs and objectives, making them a vital part of agriculture around the world.