The remedies to climate change, such as transitioning to cleaner, renewable energy sources and implementing policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, can have both benefits and costs.

On the positive side, transitioning to renewable energy sources can create jobs and stimulate economic growth, improve air and water quality, and decrease dependence on fossil fuels, which can lead to reduced exposure to price volatility and geopolitical risks. Additionally, climate change mitigation and adaptation measures can also help to reduce poverty in the long term by protecting people and their livelihoods from the impacts of climate change such as sea-level rise, extreme weather events and water scarcity.

However, there are also potential costs associated with transitioning to a low-carbon economy, particularly for certain sectors and communities that are heavily dependent on fossil fuels, such as coal mining or oil-producing regions. The cost of transition to cleaner energy can be high, and it can be difficult for some countries and communities to afford it, which can lead to economic and social costs. Additionally, the transition to cleaner energy can lead to higher energy costs for consumers, which can be a burden for low-income households.

Therefore, it is important for policymakers to consider the potential costs and benefits of different climate change mitigation and adaptation options, and to design policies that minimize negative impacts and support vulnerable communities during the transition. It is also important to implement policies that ensure a just transition to cleaner energy, such as retraining programs, social safety net programs and targeted investments in affected communities.